水手服与机关枪1981

水手服少女和M3A1冲锋枪

这是一个误打误撞当上暴力组老大的懵懂少女，带领4个起初视生命如鸿毛的部下，对抗仁义墓场的黑帮暴力世界的血腥童话。

这是一场保卫纯真善良的青春战争、一场捍卫道义忠勇的帮派恶斗。历经血雨腥风的少女，用梦露式的撩人姿态蔑视地迎接这个充斥利欲熏心和肮脏阴险的世界投来的目光，并回敬以芝加哥匪徒的经典毁灭动作；用一通畅快的扫射完成了史上最酷炫的成人割礼，在书写最萌新黑帮老大的青春残酷物语时，为黑帮的仁义时代送上了一曲挽歌。

然而，那套水手服伴着刺眼的红色高跟鞋，这种不和谐的搭配似乎也预示着，少女保持善良纯真的初心未改，但未来的道路仍将充满艰辛与坎坷。而时至今日，这依然是日本社会未成年人厌恶成人社会的滥觞。

水手服·红高跟·梦露·芝加哥匪徒

不过，这并非电影的全部意义所在。导演相米慎二恣意妄为的炫技式拍摄，更值得玩味。

在相米的监督下，整部电影呈现出一镜一景的拍摄特点，基本上一场戏只有一个镜头，完全不使用正反打，不使用连贯剪辑（除一场外），没有交叉剪辑，更没有闪回闪前。除小部分固定镜头，全部依靠演员走位、机位调度和镜头内调度的方式，由运动长镜头完成。不但把基本的镜头运动技巧综合运用到了极致，还巧妙地使用叠画、鱼眼畸变镜头、视野障碍过渡、镜像重叠、玻璃透视等令人眼花缭乱的技法，在保证背景信息量充足的前提下，令剧情、演员表演和画面运动的配合自然流畅。

更为有趣的是，全片没有一个主观镜头，连特写镜头都很少，这在商业片中是很罕见的。通常，主观镜头需要剪辑配接客观镜头，给出视点所有者的信息，才能完成镜头的逻辑闭合。但相米致力于扼杀所有主观镜头，因此对容易形成主观视点的特写，使用也非常谨慎，全片仅出现过2-3处，且都以镜头运动的方式在时空上予以规避。

柄本明死亡的那幕，是一个长焦运动特写，最后的落幅似乎要定格在他被血浸染的手上，但是，当镜头仍在后拉过程的微微颤动之际，几秒前还在与他通话的博子的背影，就从景框右侧入画了，镜头景别和焦点也随之向后拉到了中近景的距离上，变成博子和手下在死亡现场的讨论场景。相米直接以超时空的现场调度方式完成了转场，在避免建立特写的主观视点和不使用剪辑的前提下，实现了画面的衔接。不得不说，这样手法，简单粗暴有效，且极具艺术性野心。

长焦特写落幅定格

博子入画

镜头拉远呈中景

在现场调度上，也看得出相米的用心良苦。

博子和女二酒吧交谈那幕，镜头起幅于昏暗背景下、女二朦胧的正面近景。然后，景别和景深随着镜头拉动而增大，形成女二和博子双人画面的中景时，这才发觉，原来那个朦胧的女二，只是她在酒吧镜子中的倒影，两人相背而坐，双影却形同对视，恰好是二人现实与理想关系的映射。此时，镜头继续拉动直到全景后，原来，摄像机是隔着酒吧的窗户，从窗外拍摄了一个从长焦到标准焦距的镜头。而此时博子走出酒吧，和女二一内一外，一近一远，共同唱起了博子父子喜爱的歌曲，对一个人的回忆，成为了两个人的寂寞。这一幕真是回味无穷。

起幅·女二镜像

浅焦近景·博子镜像

深焦中景·镜像叠影

人物走位前移

隔窗视野

走出酒吧

两个人的寂寞

此外，相米多次在大全景的固定镜头中，长时间使用画内音，呈现处于远景甚至超远距离上的人物之间的对白内容，明显制造出一种间离的效果。一如他完全放弃主观镜头、坚持一镜到底的执着，似乎都是在配合这种效果的叙事方式。虽然，对于导演如此的执着，始终有些费解，但是有一点可以肯定，那就是他在为观众营造童话的同时，也在时刻提醒观众画面的虚幻，尽力把观众从身份认同的迷梦中抽离出来。

由于坚持一镜一景，影片的剪辑被降到了最低限度，在112分钟的版本里，只有约90个镜头，平均每个74秒，最长的5分43秒，这明显是对当代电影追求节奏感、画面简洁和信息聚焦的潮流的反动。而且，一镜到底的拍摄方式，对演员和拍摄来说都是极大的挑战。这样的镜头数据和制作方式，对于一部大制作的商业娱乐片而言，已经不能用不可思议来形容了。不过，最终影片成为当年票房冠军，证明导演的艺术冒险获得了成功。

题外话：

1. 在片中，看到了水嫩的柄本明和更加水嫩的光石研，感叹啊！时间真是把杀猪刀。

2. 水手服和机关枪的翻译有问题，因为博子明明拿的是M3A1冲锋枪，不是机关枪哟！另外，2006年长泽雅美的剧版，则拿的是MP40冲锋枪，这GE，是要打第二次世界大战吗？？？

水手服少女与MP40冲锋枪

运镜和氛围都很绝……呆suki

扑面而来的少女感，举手投足间都很娇憨，但是又隐隐能透露出近乎残酷的血性。有些怯生生，但又勇莽到无所畏惧。和现在所流行的娇柔做作的“少女感”可谓云泥之别。

个人认为星泉开始从少女到女人的转变是和阿明的那一幕，她从一个被保护者，变成“母亲”。

少女就应该是一个很残酷的词语，诚然她需要被人保护，但却毫无脆弱可言。父亲死后，她的悲伤流露得非常隐秘、不易察觉；受到肥佬的死亡威胁但对峙的气势丝毫不输。

最后一幕，星泉穿着深蓝色的水手服，红色的高跟鞋，端着机关枪的手势，向人群扫射。女人，黑帮，少女，所有的元素在这几秒碰撞。

最喜欢的角色是麻由美。打破那些“你应该”的“坏女人”，自由又随性，荡秋千那一段真的很美。

目高组走向终结是必然的，但大家明知道陪着星泉去大概率送命，但还是去了。之前读过一些关于日本黑帮的式微的东西，现在不大记得了，日后有缘补上。这种豁出性命是由何而起的？是在一开始喝散伙酒的时候，就已经准备好赴死了吗？星泉改变了目高组，但又好像什么都没有改变。

总之，在落幕之前，对着人群扫射吧。

This week’s discussion prompt exactly explains why I don’t quite like this film. Although Izumi is the only main character in this film and the core of all the plots, I could not find a specific and powerful identity from her. In other words, the constant fluidity and ambiguity of Izumi confuses me and block my potential emotional resonance with her. I don’t agree that there is a unilateral or unidirectional change in her characters, not simply transforming from immature to sophistication or from coldness to sensational. It is a very complicated process. Steinberg discusses about the transformations and mixes of medias in the readings. It is interesting to read the books and the films as commodities “without substance.” This permits certain kind of “void” in these media. This film certainly constructs a sufficient commodity micro-environment though fascinating mise-en-scene, peculiar but beautiful lighting and compositions etc. On the other hand, the ambiguity belongs to Izumi.

The opening of this film forms a hilarious contrast and “malposition.” Izumi does not appear at the beginning of the movie. Instead, it shows the members “inviting” a vet to help their dying boss. The dialogue and their actions immediately remind me of “manzai”. The foolishness and their naivety seem to refer to slapsticks, which is a genre being completely different from the Yakuza films. (Definitely not like Suzuki) However, the following sequence shows Izumi and her classmates as a kind of Yakuza group. She always stands out from other three male students. She does not cry and sign on her father’s death. She even once acts as a Sumo player. She looks very calm and even cold to the audiences. These should be the characters of the killer, the Yakuza. Later, when Izumi and boys bow in front of her father’s memorial tablet, this ceremonial scene is analogical with the Yakuza ceremonies as well. Therefore, at the beginning of this film, Izumi shows a kind of stiffness and coldness as the Yakuza member. However, this kind of personality gradually disappears. After she was taken away by Medaka members, Izumi shows more characters as a normal girl. She becomes the boss only because she does not want the members to fight. During her first meeting with higher Yakuza groups, she pours the water of the vase on a leader’s head. This seems to be a girl’s naughty trick. Riding on a motor and dancing after drunk, these express the energy of the youth. However, after the first death of the member, Izumi gradually becomes sophisticated as a boss. She thrusts into the enemy’s base and questions about the death of her group member. Her gestures are very mature. Although I could not detect the nuances between different accents and word-usage in Japanese, I am still wondering whether there are such changes of language in different periods of Izumi through the film. The climax of the film shows Izumi holding the machine-gun. The slow-motion shot materializes her steadiness and courage. Izumi seems to be a professional killer at that scene. Therefore, there are lots of twists in her character.

Finally, this seemingly strange ending actually jumps out from an illusionistic narration. Personally, I will view the ending shot as an element of meta-film, establishing Izumi as a student who just plays all the roles before in this film. In other words, all the changes of the characteristics are kind of games. After walking on the street as an ordinary student for a while, she suddenly leans on the wall and acts like smoking a cigarette. There is no cigarette in her hand. It is a form of acting, which could be identified by the audiences. After meeting with several kids, Izumi starts to act as shooting the machine-guns. As this gesture basically symbolize the Yakuza life experienced by Izumi before, connecting this action to the small kids on the streets seems to be a form of disenchantment. It yells to the audiences: Izumi does not really become a Yakuza. It is only a kind of play. The acting and the complexity dissolves in this sense of childishness and innocence. Disregarding the attention paid from the passers-by, Izumi is not Izumi anymore. The figure standing in front of the audiences is the idol, a film star. Just as the lecture says, the popularity of these idols may originate from the sense of girls. Therefore, at the end of this film, this specific character which grants commercial success is summoned out. This is a declaration: Izumi is still a young student with cuteness and simplicity. The violence before becomes a childish play, acting by small kids. The absence of the properties in her hand diminishes all complicated personalities before.